51CrV4

General Information

51CrV4 is a high strength quench and tempering steel suitable for quenched and tempered springs. What Ovako offer includes a number of variants with tight chemical composition, suitable for different applications and material thicknesses. They all meet the overall requirements set by EN10089.

Variant SB4292 is a strong variant with hardenability in the upper part of the +HH band and low content of non-metallic inclusions.

Variant SB4290 has somewhat lower hardenability, but is still strong.

Variant SB4282 has medium hardenability and is a good start for applications with normal requirements.

Variant SB4212 which has a good surface hardness, but it will not through harden for thicker dimensions. It is instead a good pick for thin sections.

Variants Ovako 593B and 593Q are also mainly used for springs, but frequently used for shafts and machine components.

Ovako 593Q is an IQ (isotropic quality) variant.

IQ-Steel®

IQ-Steel® is an isotropic quality ultra clean steel optimized for high fatigue strength under multi axial loading.

Similar designations

1.8159, 735A51, SS2230, SB4292 - 52CrMn5-4, SB4290 - 52CrMn5-4, SB4282 - 52CrMn4-4, SB4212- 50CrMn4-4, AISI 6150

Variant	Cast	Di	Weldability		C %	Si %	Mn %	P %	S %	Cr %	Ni %	Mo %	V %	Ti %	Cu %	Al %
593Q	IC		CEV 1.02_max	Min	0.49	0.20	0.85	-	-	1.00	0.15	0.05	0.100	-	-	-
Pcm 0.69_max	Max	0.53	0.30	1.00	0.025	0.002	1.15	0.25	0.10	0.200	-	-	-
593B	IC		CEV 1.02_max	Min	0.49	0.20	0.85	-	0.015	1.00	0.15	0.05	0.100	-	-	-
Pcm 0.69_max	Max	0.53	0.30	1.00	0.025	0.030	1.15	0.25	0.10	0.200	-	-	-
SB4292	CC	7.6	CEV 1.01_max	Min	0.51	0.25	1.00	-	-	1.10	-	-	0.120	-	-	-
Pcm 0.7_max	Max	0.54	0.40	1.10	0.015	0.015	1.20	0.20	0.06	0.200	0.010	0.25	0.010
SB4290	CC		CEV 0.99_max	Min	0.51	0.25	0.95	-	-	1.10	-	-	0.100	-	-	0.015
Pcm 0.68_max	Max	0.55	0.40	1.10	0.020	0.015	1.20	0.20	0.05	0.200	0.010	0.25	0.040
SB4282	CC		CEV 0.93_max	Min	0.51	0.20	0.85	-	-	0.95	-	-	0.100	-	-	-
Pcm 0.66_max	Max	0.54	0.30	0.95	0.025	0.025	1.10	0.20	0.06	0.150	0.040	0.25	0.040
SB4212	CC		CEV 0.89_max	Min	0.48	0.20	0.85	-	-	0.95	-	-	0.100	-	-	-
Pcm 0.62_max	Max	0.51	0.30	0.95	0.025	0.025	1.05	0.20	0.05	0.150	0.040	0.25	0.022
7408	CC	6.09	CEV 0.93_max	Min	0.47	0.20	0.70	-	-	0.95	-	-	0.100	-	-	-
Pcm 0.65_max	Max	0.55	0.30	1.10	0.025	0.025	1.20	0.30	0.06	0.250	0.040	0.25	0.050
51CrV4 EN10089:2002	Std		CEV _max	Min	0.47	-	0.70	-	-	0.90	-	-	0.100	-	-	-
Pcm _max	Max	0.55	0.40	1.10	0.025	0.025	1.20	-	-	0.250	-	-	-

Variant

Cast

Weldability

C %

Si %

Mn %

P %

S %

Cr %

Ni %

Mo %

V %

Ti %

Cu %

Al %

593Q

CEV 1.02_max

Min

0.49

0.20

0.85

1.00

0.15

0.05

0.100

Pcm 0.69_max

Max

0.53

0.30

1.00

0.025

0.002

1.15

0.25

0.10

0.200

593B

CEV 1.02_max

Min

0.49

0.20

0.85

0.015

1.00

0.15

0.05

0.100

Pcm 0.69_max

Max

0.53

0.30

1.00

0.025

0.030

1.15

0.25

0.10

0.200

SB4292

7.6

CEV 1.01_max

Min

0.51

0.25

1.00

1.10

0.120

Pcm 0.7_max

Max

0.54

0.40

1.10

0.015

1.20

0.20

0.06

0.200

0.010

0.25

0.010

SB4290

CEV 0.99_max

Min

0.51

0.25

0.95

1.10

0.100

0.015

Pcm 0.68_max

Max

0.55

0.40

1.10

0.020

0.015

1.20

0.20

0.05

0.200

0.010

0.25

0.040

SB4282

CEV 0.93_max

Min

0.51

0.20

0.85

0.95

0.100

Pcm 0.66_max

Max

0.54

0.30

0.95

0.025

1.10

0.20

0.06

0.150

0.040

0.25

0.040

SB4212

CEV 0.89_max

Min

0.48

0.20

0.85

0.95

0.100

Pcm 0.62_max

Max

0.51

0.30

0.95

0.025

1.05

0.20

0.05

0.150

0.040

0.25

0.022

7408

6.09

CEV 0.93_max

Min

0.47

0.20

0.70

0.95

0.100

Pcm 0.65_max

Max

0.55

0.30

1.10

0.025

1.20

0.30

0.06

0.250

0.040

0.25

0.050

51CrV4 EN10089:2002

Std

CEV _max

Min

0.47

0.70

0.90

0.100

Pcm _max

Max

0.55

0.40

1.10

0.025

1.20

0.250

Variant	Condition	Format	Dimension [mm]	Yield strength min [MPa]	Tensile strength [MPa]	Elongation A₅ [%]	Reduction of area Z_min [%]	Hardness	Impact (ISO-V) strength_min
Rp_0.2 * R_eh, ** R_el
SB4292	+AR	Flat bar	30 < 56	-	-	-	-	< 385 HB	-
Flat bar	30 < 56	-	-	-	-	328 HB typical	-
Round bar	30 < 70	-	-	-	-	< 400 HB	-
Round bar	30 < 70	-	-	-	-	365 HB typical	-
+QT	Flat bar	30 < 56	1220**	1330-1620	6	30	-	20 °C 16 J (long)
+S	All formats	-	-	-	-	-	256 HB typical	-
SB4290	+AR	All formats	-	-	-	-	-	< 385 HB	-
All formats	-	-	-	-	-	339 HB typical	-
+S	All formats	-	-	-	-	-	244 HB typical	-
+QT	Flat bar	24 < 56	1250**	1420-1800	6	30	-	20 °C 8 J (long)
SB4282	+AR	All formats	-	-	-	-	-	< 400 HB	-
Flat bar	5 < 15	-	-	-	-	351 HB typical	-
Flat bar	15 < 30	-	-	-	-	339 HB typical	-
Flat bar	30 < 56	-	-	-	-	326 HB typical	-
Round bar	5 < 30	-	-	-	-	355 HB typical	-
Round bar	30 < 73	-	-	-	-	338 HB typical	-
SB4212	+AR	Flat bar	< 30	-	-	-	-	< 385 HB	-
Flat bar	< 30	-	-	-	-	340 HB typical	-
7408	+AR	Round bar	25 < 160	-	-	-	-	< 420 HB	-
+A	Round bar	25 < 160	-	-	-	-	< 248 HB	-
+QT	Round bar	25 < 100	700	900-1100	15	50	-	-
51CrV4 EN10089:2002	+S	All formats	-	-	-	-	-	< 280 HB	-
+A	All formats	-	-	-	-	-	< 248 HB	-
+AC	All formats	-	-	-	-	-	< 230 HB	-
+QT	All formats	-	1200	1350-1650	6	30	-	20 °C 8 J (long)

Variant

Condition

Format

Dimension [mm]

Yield strength min [MPa]

Tensile strength [MPa]

Elongation A₅ [%]

Reduction of area Z_min [%]

Hardness

Impact (ISO-V) strength_min

Rp_0.2 * R_eh, ** R_el

SB4292

+AR

Flat bar

30 < 56

< 385 HB

Flat bar

30 < 56

328 HB typical

Round bar

30 < 70

< 400 HB

Round bar

30 < 70

365 HB typical

+QT

Flat bar

30 < 56

1220**

1330-1620

20 °C 16 J (long)

All formats

256 HB typical

SB4290

+AR

All formats

< 385 HB

All formats

339 HB typical

All formats

244 HB typical

+QT

Flat bar

24 < 56

1250**

1420-1800

20 °C 8 J (long)

SB4282

+AR

All formats

< 400 HB

Flat bar

5 < 15

351 HB typical

Flat bar

15 < 30

339 HB typical

Flat bar

30 < 56

326 HB typical

Round bar

5 < 30

355 HB typical

Round bar

30 < 73

338 HB typical

SB4212

+AR

Flat bar

< 30

< 385 HB

Flat bar

< 30

340 HB typical

7408

+AR

Round bar

25 < 160

< 420 HB

Round bar

25 < 160

< 248 HB

+QT

Round bar

25 < 100

700

900-1100

51CrV4 EN10089:2002

All formats

< 280 HB

All formats

< 248 HB

+AC

All formats

< 230 HB

+QT

All formats

1200

1350-1650

20 °C 8 J (long)

	Temperature °C
MS	273
AC1	738
AC3	778

Temperature °C

273

AC1

738

AC3

778

Treatment	Condition	Temperature cycle	Cooling/quenching
Hot forging	+AR	Soaking 800-1100^oC	In still air
Normalizing	+N	Soaking at 840-880^oC	In still air
Soft annealing	+A	Soaking at 730-750^oC for 2 hrs	20^oC/h to 650^oC and then in still air
Stress relieve annealing	+SRA	Soaking at 550-650^oC	In still air
Hardening	+QO	Soaking at 830-860^oC	Quenching in oil
Tempering	+QT	Tempering 380-680^oC for 1 h	In air

Treatment

Condition

Temperature cycle

Cooling/quenching

Hot forging

+AR

Soaking 800-1100^oC

In still air

Normalizing

Soaking at 840-880^oC

In still air

Soft annealing

Soaking at 730-750^oC for 2 hrs

20^oC/h to 650^oC and then in still air

Stress relieve annealing

+SRA

Soaking at 550-650^oC

In still air

Hardening

+QO

Soaking at 830-860^oC

Quenching in oil

Tempering

+QT

Tempering 380-680^oC for 1 h

In air

Micro inclusions - 593B		Macro inclusions - 593B
Applied standard	ASTM 45		Applied standard	ISO 3763 (Blue fracture) Statistical testing on billets
Sampling	ASTM A295		Sampling
Maximum average limits	A	B	C	D		Limits	< 5 mm/dm²
Th	He	Th	He	Th	He	Th	He
2.5	1.5	1.5	0.5	0	0	1.0	0.5

Micro inclusions - IQ - 593Q		Macro inclusions - IQ - 593Q
Applied standard	DIN 50602 K1		Applied standard	ISO 3763 (Blue fracture)	10 M Hz UST (Ovako internal procedure)
Sampling	Six random samples from final product dimension		Sampling	Statistical testing on billets
Limits	The limit is dimension dependent. The average rating of six samples should not exceed the limits given in the graph		Limits	< 1mm /dm²	<5 defects /dm³ > 0.2 mm FBH

Micro inclusions - 593B

Macro inclusions - 593B

Applied standard

ASTM 45

Applied standard

ISO 3763 (Blue fracture)

Statistical testing on billets

Sampling

ASTM A295

Sampling

Maximum average limits

Limits

< 5 mm/dm²

2.5

1.5

0.5

1.0

0.5

Micro inclusions - IQ - 593Q

Macro inclusions - IQ - 593Q

Applied standard

DIN 50602 K1

Applied standard

ISO 3763

(Blue fracture)

10 M Hz UST

(Ovako internal procedure)

Sampling

Six random samples from final product dimension

Sampling

Statistical testing on billets

Limits

The limit is dimension dependent. The average rating of six samples should not exceed the limits given in the graph

Limits

< 1mm

/dm²

<5 defects /dm³

> 0.2 mm FBH

Steel works	Hofors	Smedjebacken	Imatra
CO2e/kg	120	62	76

Steel works

Hofors

Smedjebacken

Imatra

CO2e/kg

120

Steel Grade	Format	Condition	Scope 1-3 (CO2e kg /1000 kg steel)	Climate compensated Net emission = Scope 3 (CO2e kg /1000 kg steel) Scope 1 - 2 = 0 (compensated)
593	Round bar	+AR	602	209
593	Round bar	+N	615	214
593	Tube,wall	+AR	628	228
593	Tube,wall	+N	630	228
SB9292	Flat bar	+AR	440	206
SB9290	Flat bar	+AR	446	212
SB9212	Flat bar	+AR	419	182
7408	Round bar	+AR	607	271

Steel Grade

Format

Condition

Scope 1-3 (CO2e kg /1000 kg steel)

Climate compensated Net emission = Scope 3 (CO2e kg /1000 kg steel) Scope 1 - 2 = 0 (compensated)

593

Round bar

+AR

602

209

593

Round bar

615

214

593

Tube,wall

+AR

628

228

593

Tube,wall

630

228

SB9292

Flat bar

+AR

440

206

SB9290

Flat bar

+AR

446

212

SB9212

Flat bar

+AR

419

182

7408

Round bar

+AR

607

271

Youngs module (GPa)	Poisson´s ratio (-)	Shear module (GPa)	Density (kg/m3)
210	0.3	80	7800
Average CTE 20-300°C (µm/m°K)	Specific heat capacity 50/100°C (J/kg°K)	Thermal conductivity Ambient temperature (W/m°K)	Electrical resistivityAmbient temperature (µΩm)
12	460 - 480	40 - 45	0.20 - 0.25

Youngs module (GPa)

Poisson´s ratio (-)

Shear module (GPa)

Density (kg/m3)

210

0.3

7800

Average CTE 20-300°C (µm/m°K)

Specific heat capacity 50/100°C (J/kg°K)

Thermal conductivity Ambient temperature (W/m°K)

Electrical resistivityAmbient temperature (µΩm)

460 - 480

40 - 45

0.20 - 0.25

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Steel grade

51CrV4

General Information

Similar designations

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Mechanical Properties

Transformation temperatures

Heat treatment recommendations

Heat Treatment Guide generated Graphs

Hardenability

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IQ

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