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Last revised: Mon, 27 Jun 2022 11:06:22 GMT

28NiCrMnMo14-6-4*

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General Information

Ovako 455 is a high strength quench and tempering steel with good toughness and good dimension stability. Ovako 455 is used in the mining and construction industry.

* Designation followed by "*" is not an official EN standard grade but named according to the rules in EN 10027.

Chemical composition

Variant	Cast	Weldability		C %	Si %	Mn %	P %	S %	Cr %	Ni %	Mo %
455A	IC	CEV 1.21_max	Min	0.24	0.20	0.85	-	-	1.35	3.40	0.30
455A	IC	Pcm 0.56_max	Max	0.29	0.35	1.05	0.015	0.010	1.75	3.90	0.45

Transformation temperatures

	Temperature °C
AC1	686
AC3	767

Heat treatment recommendations

Treatment	Condition	Temperature cycle	Cooling/quenching
Hot forging	+AR	850-1100°C	In air
Normalizing	+N	900-950°C	In air
Annealing	+A	650-730°C	In air
Hardening	+Q	840-890°C	In oil
Tempering	+T	160-700°C See tempering diagram	In air

Heat Treatment Guide generated Graphs

The following graphs are generated from a theoretical model. For further info see the Heat treatment guide module. Select a specific grade version for individual display.

Tempering response - Ovako 455A

Mechanical properties - Ovako 455A

Impact toughness ( Charpy-V) - Ovako 455A

Steel cleanliness

Micro inclusions - steel grade Ovako 455A									Macro inclusions - 455A
Applied standard	ASTM E45								Applied standard	ISO 3763 (Blue fracture)
Sampling	ASTM A295								Sampling	Statistical testing on billets
Maximum average limits	A		B		C		D		Limits	< 5 mm/dm²
	Th	He	Th	He	Th	He	Th	He
	2.5	1.5	1.0	0.5	0	0	0.5	0.5

SUSTAINABILITY-ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT DATA

RUTA 1:

At Ovako sustainability and reduction of our environmental impact is a major focus in everything we do.
Further information is found here.

In many international comparisons the crude steel Scope 1-2 emission is a key parameter, ie. the CO₂ emission from the steel works itself.
As of 1 January 2022 we carbon offset all our scope 1 and 2 volume shown below.

Steel works	Hofors	Smedjebacken	Imatra
CO2e/kg	120	62	76

To get the full picture of our products environmental impact we have to look at all of our CO₂ emission sources.
Not only the steel work Scope 1-2 itself, but all operations downstream in our production, heating and heat treatment furnaces etc (full scope 1-2) as well as all the emission from input material, eg. alloys, scope 3.

Steel Grade	Format	Condition	Scope 1-3 (CO2e kg /1000 kg steel)	Climate compensated Net emission = Scope 3 (CO2e kg /1000 kg steel) Scope 1 - 2 = 0 (compensated)
455A	Round bar	+AR	1232	836
455A	Round bar	+QT	1239	840

As of 1 January 2022 we use carbon offset for all our scope 1- 2 emissions, so in practice the climate compensated data is the same as the full Scope 3 level.
All above data are to be seen as typical values for the specified format and condition. Detailed information about your specific product please contact your sales contact.

Other properties (typical values)

Youngs module (GPa)	Poisson´s ratio (-)	Shear module (GPa)	Density (kg/m3)
210	0.3	80	7800
Average CTE 20-300°C (µm/m°K)	Specific heat capacity 50/100°C (J/kg°K)	Thermal conductivity Ambient temperature (W/m°K)	Electrical resistivityAmbient temperature (µΩm)
12	460 - 480	40 - 45	0.20 - 0.25

Contact us

Would you like to know more about our offers? Don´t hesitate to contact us:

Via e-mail: info@ovako.com

Via telephone: +46 8 622 1300

For more detailed information please visit http://www.ovako.com/en/Contact-Ovako/

Disclaimer

The information in this document is for illustrative purposes only. The data and examples are only general recommendations and not a warranty or a guarantee. The suitability of a product for a specific application can be confirmed only by Ovako once given the actual conditions.The purchaser of an Ovako product has the responsibility to ascertain and control the applicability of the products before using them. Continuous development may necessitate changes in technical data without notice. This document is only valid for Ovako material. Other material, covering the same international specifications, does not necessarily comply with the properties presented in this document.

General information
Chemical composition
Transformation temp.
Heat treatment
HTG Graphs
Sustainability