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Last revised: Fri, 17 Jun 2022 12:30:48 GMT

18CrMo8-5*

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General Information

Ovako 225 is a steel specially designed for nitriding but is also suitable for carburizing or applications requiring quenched and tempered steels.

High nitriding rate
Suitable for nitriding, case carburizing or quench and tempering
Also suitable for applications require quenched and tempered steel in bars with diameter 25-160 mm.
Weldable under certain conditions

Variant 225A - Standard quality
Variant 225C - With a reduced sulphur content for a reduced number of sulphide inclusions

For additional Heat Treatment Data, please visit the Heat Treatment Guide

* Designation followed by "*" is not an official EN standard grade but named according to the rules in EN 10027.

Chemical composition

Variant	Cast	Weldability		C %	Si %	Mn %	P %	S %	Cr %	Ni %	Mo %	V %
225A	IC	CEV 0.94_max	Min	0.16	0.20	0.75	-	0.020	1.75	-	0.50	-
225A	IC	Pcm 0.42_max	Max	0.19	0.40	1.00	0.020	0.030	2.00	0.30	0.60	0.100
225C	IC	CEV 0.94_max	Min	0.16	0.20	0.75	-	0.005	1.75	-	0.50	-
225C	IC	Pcm 0.42_max	Max	0.19	0.40	1.00	0.020	0.014	2.00	0.30	0.60	0.100

Mechanical Properties

Variant	Condition	Format	Dimension [mm]	Yield strength min [MPa]	Tensile strength [MPa]	Elongation A₅ [%]	Reduction of area Z_min [%]	Hardness	Impact (ISO-V) strength_min
Rp_0.2 * R_eh, ** R_el
225A	+QT	Round bar	80 typical	800*	> 880	12	55	275-330 HB	20 °C 80 J (long)
		Round bar	< 80	800*	> 880	12	55	275-330 HB	-20 °C 40 J (long)
		Round bar	80 < 120	760*	> 860	12	55	265-320 HB	20 °C 60 J (long)
		Round bar	80 < 120	760*	> 860	12	55	265-320 HB	-20 °C 27 J (long)
		Round bar	> 120	740*	> 840	12	55	255-320 HB	20 °C 40 J (long)
225C	+QT	Round bar	> 80	800*	> 880	12	55	275-330 HB	20 °C 80 J (long)
		Round bar	> 80	800*	> 880	12	55	275-330 HB	-20 °C 40 J (long)
		Round bar	80 < 120	760*	> 860	12	55	265-320 HB	20 °C 60 J (long)
		Round bar	80 < 120	760*	> 860	12	55	265-320 HB	-20 °C 27 J (long)
		Round bar	> 120	740*	> 840	12	55	255-320 HB	20 °C 40 J (long)

Transformation temperatures

	Temperature °C
MS	416
AC1	751
AC3	853

Heat treatment recommendations

Treatment	Condition	Temperature cycle	Cooling/quenching
Hot forging	+U	850-1050°C	In air
Normalizing	+N	860-950°C	In air
Soft annealing	+A	680-740°C	In air
Nitriding	+Nt	480-550°C
Carburizing	+C	860-950°C Carbon potential see diagram	In oil
Hardening	+QT	900-950°C	In oil or water
Hardening	+QT	850-910°C Hardening of as-carburized components	In oil or water
Tempering	+T	160-650°C	In air

Heat Treatment Guide generated Graphs

The following graphs are generated from a theoretical model. For further info see the Heat treatment guide module. Select a specific grade version for individual display.

Hardenability

Jominy hardenability according to ASTM A255. The graph shows the average values and standard deviation for 225A and range for 25CrMo4 according to EN 10083:2006. Same graph also valid for 225C.

CCT

Tempering response

Carburizing response

Nitriding response

Steel cleanliness

Micro inclusions - Ovako 225C									Macro inclusions - Ovako 225C
Applied standard	ASTM E45								Applied standard	ISO 3763 (Blue fracture)
Sampling	ASTM A295								Sampling	Statistical testing on billets
Maximum average limits	A		B		C		D		Limits	< 5.0 mm/dm²
	Th	He	Th	He	Th	He	Th	He
	2.0	1.5	1.0	0.5	0	0	0.5	0.5

SUSTAINABILITY-ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT DATA

At Ovako sustainability and reduction of our environmental impact is a major focus in everything we do.
Further information is found here.

In many international comparisons the crude steel Scope 1-2 emission is a key parameter, ie. the CO₂ emission from the steel works itself.
As of 1 January 2022 we carbon offset all our scope 1 and 2 volume shown below.

Steel works	Hofors	Smedjebacken	Imatra
CO2e/kg	120	62	76

To get the full picture of our products environmental impact we have to look at all of our CO₂ emission sources.
Not only the steel work Scope 1-2 itself, but all operations downstream in our production, heating and heat treatment furnaces etc (full scope 1-2) as well as all the emission from input material, eg. alloys, scope 3.

Steel Grade	Format	Condition	Scope 1-3 (CO2e kg /1000 kg steel)	Climate compensated Net emission = Scope 3 (CO2e kg /1000 kg steel) Scope 1 - 2 = 0 (compensated)
225	Round bar	+AR	669	272
255	Round bar	+QT	679	274

As of 1 January 2022 we use carbon offset for all our scope 1- 2 emissions, so in practice the climate compensated data is the same as the full Scope 3 level.
All above data are to be seen as typical values for the specified format and condition. Detailed information about your specific product please contact your sales contact.

Other properties (typical values)

Youngs module (GPa)	Poisson´s ratio (-)	Shear module (GPa)	Density (kg/m3)
210	0.3	80	7800
Average CTE 20-300°C (µm/m°K)	Specific heat capacity 50/100°C (J/kg°K)	Thermal conductivity Ambient temperature (W/m°K)	Electrical resistivityAmbient temperature (µΩm)
12	460 - 480	40 - 45	0.20 - 0.25

Contact us

Would you like to know more about our offers? Don´t hesitate to contact us:

Via e-mail: info@ovako.com

Via telephone: +46 8 622 1300

For more detailed information please visit http://www.ovako.com/en/Contact-Ovako/

Disclaimer

The information in this document is for illustrative purposes only. The data and examples are only general recommendations and not a warranty or a guarantee. The suitability of a product for a specific application can be confirmed only by Ovako once given the actual conditions.The purchaser of an Ovako product has the responsibility to ascertain and control the applicability of the products before using them. Continuous development may necessitate changes in technical data without notice. This document is only valid for Ovako material. Other material, covering the same international specifications, does not necessarily comply with the properties presented in this document.

General information
Chemical composition
Mechanical properties
Transformation temp.
Heat treatment
HTG Graphs
Hardenability
Sustainability